Abstract
Biomass fuels remain the highest in Ethiopia with 99 percent of the rural households highly depending on fuel wood as their main source of energy. Increased focus on the Improved Cookstoves (ICS) adoption by the various international organizations such as Global Alliance for Clean Cook stoves GACC) due to their potential benefit to household health, local and regional climate.
However, despite all this effort, its adoption rate has been met at a low rate and therefore, this study aimed at finding the influence of socio economic, stove-related ( type ), Effects of Improved cookstoves on consumers and institutional factors to adoption of ICS within Sebeta Hawas rural Woreda . Theoretically, The study used the ideas of energy ladder , energy stacking and diffusion of innovation theories in identifying impacts of households’ decision to adopt or not. The study used both qualitative and quantitative data collection method. For quantitative data, a sample of 140 respondents was selected using systematic random sampling technique. For the qualitative data, 7 Focus Group Discussions with a total of 10 member per-discussions and 10 Key Informant Interviews were selected using purposive sampling. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive, and Binary Logistic Regression. Data from questionnaires were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression and data from interviews and the focus group discussions were analyzed through intensive textual analysis. the results showed that traditional three stone is the commonly used stove type ;; 86 (61.4%) Injera baking 131(93.6%) Bread baking 116(82.6%) for cooking wot , and 131(93.6%) for porage making and 112 (80%) for coffee preparation followed by Lakech stove for both cooking wot and coffee preparation 24(17%), 19(13.6%) respectively. the regression result reveals that house hold head education level, separate kitchen house, Land holding size, tropical livestock unit and marital status were found to be significant and positively correlated with the probability of improved cook stove which is ‘Mirt’ stove adoption decision, while price of the stove were found to be significant and negatively correlated with the probability of ‘Mirt’ stove adoption decision. Furthermore, age, family size, sex, and non–farm activity income were not found to be statistically significant. On the other hand to investigate the most important effects of ‘Mirt’ stove on consumer, only ‘Mirt’ stove adopters (54 respondents) were asked by setting two alternatives (Strongly Agreed (SA) & Agreed (A) )’. at last but not least the result identified from institutional factor is statistically significant at P-value less than 0.05. Thus, from the overall findings, the study recommended that, adult education in rural areas should be strengthened and continued. Improved cookstoves programs and projects should target on areas where there is no open forest access. and there should be more structural decentralization in terms of assigning rural energy experts from Woreda to kebele level. as well as Increased access to funding, finance and human personnel should be made available to the local producers and institutionalized producers to ensure the production of quality ICS and enhance the monitoring and quality control of ICS.
Key Words: Adoption, Improved Cookstoves, Fuel efficiency, Solid fuel, Logit Model