ABSTRACT
Climate change refers to the increase of earth temperature due to the release of gases such as Carbon Dioxide, Nitrous oxide, Methane, and Ozone into the earth’s atmosphere, Climate change, and Climate variability present a challenge for researchers attempting to quantify its local impact due to the global scale of likely impact and the diversity of agricultural systems Similarly, the effect of climate change on vegetation can be dramatic, due to variations in the amount of CO available for photosynthesis. This study was to assess the effect of the climate variability on maize production and investigate the adaptation strategy of smallholder farmers in the study area five kebeles were Selected for household Sampling and the Sampling procedure was both Systematics and purposive Selection.
The total household Sampling was 92 respondents and different data was collected from primary and secondary data it includes quaternary, individual interview and focused group discussion The study shows that farmers have experienced Climate variability mainly increased temperature and decreasing rainfall in the district, Climate variability Affecting maize production reduction Food Shortage was experienced mostly by farmers in the district. Adoption of drought resistances maize variety, as well as mixed cropping, was found to be the most option adaptation strategies to climate variability. The possibilities of farmers to practice adaptation strategies effectively were mainly limited by low financial and lack of agricultural-based skills and technology. The government should enhance sustainable adaptive strategies for reducing the impacts of climate variability, particularly for the most vulnerable district and household farmers
Keywords: Climate Change, adaptation, Maize, Impact, Smallholder farmers
